With rising fuel costs and growing environmental concerns, Indian car buyers are increasingly considering alternative fuel options like Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) and Electric Vehicles (EVs). However, the choice between these two has become a source of confusion for many.

CNG vehicles have gained popularity due to their lower running costs compared to petrol or diesel cars. The widespread availability of CNG pumps across the country also makes them a convenient option. On the other hand, EVs offer the promise of zero tailpipe emissions and even lower operating costs, but their higher upfront prices and limited charging infrastructure have been barriers to mass adoption.

As both CNG and EVs have seen a surge in demand, automakers are expanding their offerings in these segments. This has led to a wider range of models to choose from, further complicating the decision-making process for buyers.

CNG vehicles have been around in India for over two decades, with major metropolitan cities like Delhi and Mumbai leading the way in adopting this cleaner fuel alternative. However, the growth of CNG cars has been relatively slow until recently, when rising petrol and diesel prices made them a more attractive proposition.

In contrast, EVs are a relatively new phenomenon in India, with the first mainstream models hitting the market only in the last few years. Despite the initial skepticism surrounding their range, performance, and charging infrastructure, EVs have seen a rapid rise in popularity, driven by government incentives, increasing environmental awareness, and the entry of major automakers into this space.

With both CNG and EVs vying for the attention of cost-conscious and eco-friendly Indian buyers, this blog aims to provide a comprehensive, data-driven comparison of these two alternative fuel options. By examining factors such as cost, performance, infrastructure, and environmental impact, we hope to help readers make an informed decision that aligns with their specific needs and preferences.

Through a practical and unbiased analysis, we will explore the pros and cons of each option, highlighting the key considerations that should guide a buyer’s choice in 2025 and beyond. Ultimately, our goal is to equip readers with the knowledge necessary to navigate the rapidly evolving landscape of alternative fuel vehicles in India.

The initial cost of purchasing a CNG car is generally lower compared to an electric vehicle (EV) in India. Entry-level CNG models from major automakers like Maruti Suzuki, Hyundai, and Tata can be found in the price range of ₹6-12 lakhs. On the other hand, affordable EVs like the Tata Nexon EV and MG ZS EV typically start around ₹14-16 lakhs, even after factoring in government subsidies under the FAME-II scheme.

The running cost per kilometer for an EV is significantly lower than a CNG car due to the cheaper cost of electricity compared to CNG fuel. In major Indian cities, the price of CNG hovers around ₹60-80 per kg, while the cost of electricity for residential consumers ranges from ₹5-10 per unit (kWh).

For example, in Delhi, CNG costs around ₹76 per kg, while the electricity rate is ₹8.5 per unit. An EV like the Nexon EV, with a real-world range of 200 km and a battery capacity of 30.2 kWh, would cost approximately ₹256 to fully charge, translating to a running cost of ₹1.28 per km. In contrast, a CNG car like the Maruti Suzuki Ertiga, with a mileage of 26.08 km/kg, would cost around ₹2.91 per km based on the CNG price in Delhi.

For EV owners with access to home charging, the running costs can be even lower. Most residential electricity plans in India offer lower rates for domestic consumption compared to commercial or industrial rates. However, for those relying on public fast charging stations, the costs can be higher, typically ranging from ₹10-20 per unit, depending on the provider and location.

Electric vehicles generally have lower maintenance costs compared to conventional gasoline or CNG cars. EVs have fewer moving parts and do not require regular fluid changes or engine tune-ups. However, the battery pack is a significant expense, with replacement costs ranging from ₹2-5 lakhs, depending on the vehicle model and battery capacity.

Additionally, EVs may require software updates and occasional motor servicing, which can add to the maintenance costs over time. Manufacturers typically provide battery warranties ranging from 5-8 years or up to 160,000 km, covering a significant portion of the ownership period.

CNG cars, while more affordable to purchase, have higher maintenance costs due to the additional components required for the CNG fuel system. Regular engine servicing, including oil changes and filter replacements, is necessary. Additionally, the CNG fuel system components, such as the cylinder, regulator, and piping, require periodic inspections and replacements.

Maintenance costs for CNG cars can vary depending on the make and model, but they are generally higher than their gasoline counterparts due to the added complexity of the CNG system.

When it comes to resale value, both CNG and electric vehicles face challenges in the Indian market. CNG cars are often perceived as less desirable due to the limited boot space and the potential for higher maintenance costs over time. As a result, their resale value tends to be lower compared to their gasoline counterparts.

EVs, on the other hand, have historically struggled with resale value due to concerns over battery degradation and the rapid pace of technological advancements. However, as battery technology improves and charging infrastructure expands, the resale value of EVs is expected to improve. Additionally, the lower running costs and environmental benefits of EVs may contribute to better resale value in the long run.

Overall, resale value is a complex factor influenced by various variables, including brand reputation, vehicle condition, and market demand. While EVs may have an edge in terms of lower running costs and environmental benefits, CNG cars currently hold an advantage in terms of initial affordability and widespread infrastructure availability.

Electric vehicles (EVs) have a significant advantage when it comes to power and acceleration. Thanks to their instant torque delivery, EVs can accelerate rapidly from a standstill, providing an exhilarating driving experience. In contrast, compressed natural gas (CNG) cars rely on gradual power delivery from their internal combustion engines, resulting in a more subdued acceleration feel.

One of the key advantages of CNG cars is their quick refueling time. Just like conventional gasoline vehicles, CNG cars can be refueled in a matter of minutes at a CNG pump station. On the other hand, EVs require a significant amount of time to recharge their batteries, ranging from 30 minutes for a fast charging station to several hours for a standard home charger.

Range anxiety, or the fear of running out of fuel or charge, is a common concern for both CNG and EV drivers. While CNG cars generally offer a range comparable to gasoline vehicles, EVs have historically struggled with limited driving ranges. However, with advancements in battery technology, many modern EVs now offer ranges of over 300 kilometers on a single charge, alleviating range anxiety for many drivers.

India has been actively working on expanding its EV charging infrastructure to support the growing adoption of electric vehicles. Major cities and highways are witnessing the installation of public charging stations, making it more convenient for EV owners to recharge their vehicles while on the go. Additionally, companies and residential complexes are increasingly providing charging facilities, further enhancing the accessibility of EV charging.

When it comes to refueling infrastructure, CNG vehicles currently have a significant advantage over electric vehicles in India. As of 2024, there are over 4,500 CNG pumps across the country, with a high concentration in major cities like Delhi, Mumbai, and Ahmedabad. This widespread availability makes it convenient for CNG car owners to refuel their vehicles quickly, without worrying about range anxiety.

On the other hand, the public charging infrastructure for electric vehicles is still in its nascent stage. While the Indian government has set an ambitious target of installing over 6,000 charging stations by 2025, the current count stands at around 1,800 public chargers nationwide. However, these charging stations are primarily concentrated in metropolitan areas, leaving a significant gap in smaller cities and highways.

To address this issue, the Indian government has introduced several policies and incentives to promote the adoption of electric vehicles. The FAME-II (Faster Adoption and Manufacturing of Hybrid and Electric Vehicles) scheme provides upfront subsidies to EV buyers, reducing the initial cost burden. Additionally, several states offer road tax exemptions and registration fee waivers for electric vehicles, further incentivizing their purchase.

On the other hand, CNG vehicles also benefit from favorable policies in certain states. For instance, states like Delhi and Maharashtra offer reduced road tax rates for CNG-powered vehicles, making them a more attractive option for cost-conscious buyers.

Looking ahead, the Indian automotive industry is gearing up for the next wave of technological advancements. Electric vehicle manufacturers are working on developing solid-state batteries, which promise higher energy density, faster charging times, and improved safety compared to current lithium-ion batteries.

Meanwhile, the CNG segment is also witnessing innovations, with the introduction of turbo-charged CNG engines and hybrid CNG-electric models. These advancements aim to improve the performance and efficiency of CNG vehicles, making them more competitive against their electric counterparts.

CO2 Emissions Comparison

When it comes to carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, electric vehicles (EVs) hold a significant advantage over compressed natural gas (CNG) cars, but the extent of this advantage depends on the source of electricity generation. If the electricity is generated from renewable sources like solar, wind, or hydroelectric power, EVs produce zero direct emissions. However, if the electricity is generated from coal or natural gas power plants, EVs still have a carbon footprint, albeit lower than CNG cars.

CNG cars, on the other hand, produce CO2 emissions during the combustion process, although at a lower rate compared to gasoline or diesel vehicles. The amount of CO2 emitted by a CNG car depends on factors such as engine efficiency, driving conditions, and the vehicle’s age.

Battery Disposal Concerns for EVs

While EVs have a lower carbon footprint during operation, the production and disposal of their batteries raise environmental concerns. The mining and manufacturing processes for lithium-ion batteries used in most EVs can have significant environmental impacts, including water pollution, air pollution, and the depletion of natural resources.

Additionally, the disposal of used EV batteries poses a challenge. If not properly recycled or repurposed, these batteries can contribute to electronic waste and potentially release harmful substances into the environment.

CNG: Methane Emissions and Fossil Fuel Dependency

CNG is a fossil fuel, and its production and distribution processes contribute to greenhouse gas emissions, primarily in the form of methane leaks. Methane is a potent greenhouse gas, with a global warming potential approximately 25 times greater than CO2 over a 100-year period.

Furthermore, CNG vehicles rely on a finite resource, natural gas, which is a non-renewable fossil fuel. While CNG is cleaner-burning than gasoline or diesel, its production and consumption still contribute to the depletion of fossil fuel reserves and the associated environmental impacts.

When it comes to deciding between a CNG car and an electric vehicle (EV) in 2025, several factors need to be considered. To help you make an informed decision, let’s compare them across various aspects:

Buy a CNG car if you frequently drive long distances and need quick refueling. CNG cars have a lower initial cost, and the refueling time is comparable to traditional gasoline vehicles. However, they have higher running costs, maintenance expenses, and are less environmentally friendly due to their reliance on fossil fuels.

On the other hand, buy an electric vehicle if you primarily drive within cities and want to enjoy lower running costs. EVs have significantly lower per-kilometer costs, reduced maintenance requirements, and zero direct emissions, making them a more sustainable choice. However, they have a higher initial cost, and the charging infrastructure, while rapidly improving, is still developing in India.